Humanwildlife conflict hwc is fast becoming a critical threat to the survival of many globally endangered species, in particular to large and rare mammals such as the sumatran tiger panthera tigris sumatrae and the asian lion panthera leo persica, but also to less endangered species such as the snow leopard uncia uncia and the red colobus monkey procolocus kirkii. In order to accomplish this study, the study objectives were. Ethiopia isnt traditionally known for its wildlife, but i saw much more than i thought i would see in my 40 days in ethiopia. Ethiopia perspectives of conflict 19911999 executive summary there is a long history of state formation and conflict within the horn of africa, largely though not exclusively, centred upon what is now the polity of ethiopia. Ethiopia has a large variety of indigenous plant and animal species. Four sample areas were selected to collect data on human wildlife conflict. The ethiopian wildlife conservation authority is a governmental authorized body that organized to mange national parks, sanctuaries, and control hunting areas of ethiopia. This is a federal proclamation and individual states may enact their own laws addressing wildlife conservation within their jurisdictions. There is no legislation dedicated to animal welfare in ethiopia. The purpose of this research was to identify the type of human wildlife conflicts and wild mammals that cause the conflict, determine the extent of damage and to provide a better understanding of the causes of humanwildlife conflict in wondo genet district. Conservation of wildlife requires an integrated effort from both conservation stewards and support from local communities. View humanwildlife conflict research papers on academia.
Impacts of conflict on biodiversity and protected areas in ethiopia. Wildlife crop raiding conflict in ethiopia haylegebriel tesfay department of biology zoological science, adigrat university, ethiopia abstract. Ethiopia is the second largest country in africa with land area coverage of 1. Albeit there is an intense humanwildlife conflict in the study area, majority of the respondents 64. Probably predators like lions biggest threat to survival, humanwildlife conflict rages across africa like a bush fire out of control. The aim of humanwildlife conflict management is to by wildlife. The purpose of the study was to assess the factors influencing human wildlife conflict in communities living around lake nakuru national park. The theoretical ground of the study was the instrumentalist paradigm which claims that ethnic conflict is a clash between rational agents over scarce resources.
In ethiopia elephants reported as crop raiders and given more attention kumssa and bekele, 20. Introduction to ethiopias wildlife legislation wildlife. Disseminating wildlife awareness to reduce humananimal. Lessons learned from awfs african heartlands 4 preventive measures measures that can prevent or minimise the risk of conflicts arising between people and animals include the extreme one of completely removing either the people or the animals, physically separating the two by. A case study from arunachal pradesh, india ambika aiyadurai. While you can certainly see some of the larger and more obvious game animals such as lions and elephants in various areas of the country, ethiopias main attraction lies in the sheer variety of its smaller and perhaps less dramatic wildlife.
The main law governing wildlife in ethiopia is the development, conservation and utilization of wildlife proclamation. Caraway, carcade, cardamom, chat, coriander, incense, myrrh, and red pepper are common. Growing conflict,humans and wildlife 191 are insuf. This study was conducted to investigate the perceived impact human wildlife conflict hwc in the choke mountains, ethiopia. According to iucn 2005 human wildlife conflict hwc is a situation that occurs when the basic needs of wildlife interfere with those of humans, generating negative consequences for both communities and animals. Accordingly, the research has established that the post 1991 ethnic conflicts in ethiopia consisted of multifaceted. Wildlife populations in ethiopia are under continuous threat, despite the presence of parks and protected areas, over the past several decades, deforestation, farm expansion, draught and illegal hunting were widespread and they were ranked in order of severity from most severe to lesser threats. The presence of diversified wildlife ethiopia is located at 3.
While ethiopia with about 320 species of mammals is one of africas most diverse countries for mammals, most populations of the medium and large sized mammals are severely depleted and difficult to see, as they suffer from habitat loss and hunting pressure almost everywhere in the country, including in most protected areas. The lakes in the great rift valley region abound with numerous species of birds, and wild animals are. Humanwildlife conflict in kaftasheraro national park. Four sample areas were selected to collect data on humanwildlife. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. In some areas, the mountains are covered with shrubs such as pyracantha, jasmine, poinsettia, and a varied assortment of evergreens. Abstract a survey of wildlife attacks on mithun bos gaurus frontalis, a semidomesticated cattle was carried out in arunachal pradesh. Humanwildlife conflict in ethiopia we cannot load the video because your browser does not support javascript. Human wildlife conflict has been in existence for as long as humans and wild animals have shared the same landscapes and resources see below. Consequently, wildlife use humanoccupied areas outside protected areas in. The most known problematic wild animals in the study area were apes 86.
This definition is similar to that of parker et al, 2007. According to the world conservation union, it occurs when human populations overlap with wildlife requirements resulting in costs to both native residents and animals distefano 2004. This crop raiding conflict by wildlife in protected area jeopardizes the park community relations admasu et. Human wildlife conflict does not occur only in africa. This is one of seven bsp case studies undertaken as research for bsps armed conflict and the environment ace project. Nowadays humanwildlife conflict exists in one form or another all over the world. Conflicts between humans and wildlife have occurred since the dawn of humanity. The other six case studies can be viewed on bsps web site, at. Ethiopian animals in southern ethiopia south omo valley region.
Human wildlife conflict in and around borena sayint national park, northern ethiopia article pdf available in human wildlife interactions 1. Human wildlife conflict is defined as any event in which animals injure, destroy or damage human life or property including the destruction of crops and are killed, injured, captured or otherwise harmed as a result i. Disseminating wildlife awareness to reduce humananimal conflict. Wildlifecampus human wildlife conflicts 5 human wildlife conflict resolution wildlifecampus consequences of control it is important then, when. Global perspectives on local efforts to address humanwildlife conflict combined vigorous debate on humanwildlife conflict issues with a technical focus on useful outputs for those working in the profession. The nature protection organization nabu is trying to find a solution. However, the wildlife tourism and conservation practices are still at low attention. Humanwildlife conflict, interspecies disease, and justice in a wildliferich region of kenya.
It is a problem that is far more complex than people think and goes way beyond simply keeping livestock safe or moving them further away from a predators habitat. Causes and mitigation measures in tsavo conservation area, kenya stanley m. To examine competition over resources as a factor influencing human wildlife conflict, to establish human encroachment to protected areas. Humanwildlife conflict, interspecies disease, and justice. If the conflict is happening in a poor community, for example, most of the time people are too concerned about meeting basic needs to really think about conservation. Their large body size means that they take relatively little notice of fences, whether they are designed to keep elephants in. Humanwildlife conflict does not occur only in africa.
Humanwildlife conflicts in tanzania proceedings of the 1 st university wide conference, 5 th 7 april 2000. The economy of ethiopia has prospered for many years on agricultural products but currently, the country expands to industrialization and service providing for additional incomes. Enable javascript support in your browser and reload this page. Even though droughtrelated relief food needs have decreased due to the overall good. The workshop entitled creating coexistence between humans and wildlife. Data were collected in 2014 and 2015 using semistructured. What is humanwildlife conflict and how can we diminish it. This policy emphasizes developmentoriented conservation.
Click download or read online button to get the wildlife conservation areas of ethiopia book now. Although this is certainly not a new scenario people and wildlife have co. The ethiopian wildlife and natural history society ewnhs, which was initially conceived as a social club, was evolved into a nongovernmental, notforprofit and nonreligious, membership based indigenous environmental ngo in september 1966, in addis ababa, ethiopia. Ethiopia humanitarian needs overview 2019 ethiopia. The official currency of ethiopia is the ethiopian birr birr 100 cents. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science school of natural resources and environment at the university of michigan. This is a pictorial guide to commonly seen ethiopia wildlife.
The study was carried out from december 20 to june 20. A survey conducted by the botswana department of wildlife, through incident reports, recorded 1,212 crop conflicts and 1,0 livestock conflicts in the district of chobe, 1,919 crop conflicts and 5,666. The world resources institute 1995 report revealed that the habitat loss in tanzania was a. When such incidences become a recurring issue, retaliation against the species blamed often ensues, leading to conflict about what should be done to remedy the situation. E longitudes in the horn of africa, and one of the wildlife biodiversity centers of the worl1214. In africa, these conflicts have become more frequent and severe over recent decades as a result of human population growth, extension of transport routes and expansion of agricultural and industrial activities which together have led to increased human encroachment on previously wild and uninhabited areas. Ethiopia wildlife conservation authority, ewca ethiopian wildlife conservation authority, ewca. Ethiopian wildlife conservation authority policy and strategy, proclamation and regulation browse related items start at call number. Nowadays human wildlife conflict exists in one form or another all over the world. The purpose of this research was to identify the type of human wildlife conflicts and wild mammals that cause the conflict, determine the extent of damage and to provide a better understanding of the causes of human wildlife conflict in wondo genet district. Human wildlife conflict human wildlife conflict hwc is a significant and critical threat to conservation across the world nyhus et al. A case study on humanwildlife conflict in nepal with particular reference to humanelephant conflict in eastern and western terai regions submitted to species program wwf international submitted by wwf nepal 1 1 report has been prepared by dr rinjin shrestha, phd. Factors influencing human wildlife conflict in communities.
Humanwildlife conflict has been in existence for as long as humans and wild animals have shared the same landscapes and resources see below. Wildlife conservation for sustainable community livelihood. The conflict that occurs between people and wildlife when animals leave protected areas and raid their crops is becoming one of the largest problems for conservation managers around the world. Pdf humanwildlife conflict in choke mountains, ethiopia. The main objective of the wps is to create a conducive environment whereby the countrys wildlife and their habitats are protected and developed in a sustainable manner, and to enable the sector to play an important. Dik diks are small antelopes, with large eyes, that always seem to run in packs of two.
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